Knowledge — apisqueen

When choosing an underwater thruster, most people focus on thrust, voltage, and waterproof depth. However, there is a core component that often gets overlooked but determines your noise level, handling smoothness, and battery life—the Electronic Speed Controller (ESC). Currently, the two mainstream driving technologies on the market are PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) and FOC (Field-Oriented Control). Today, we will dive deep into the differences between them and compare the ApisQueen U10 and U92 Pro to see which solution fits your project best. 1. What is a PWM ESC? (The Traditional Choice) PWM driving typically uses a "six-step commutation" method. Simply put,...

How to Choose the Right Underwater Thruster for Your Project With the development of water recreation, electric boats, and underwater robotics technologies, underwater thrusters are becoming a core power component in an increasing number of projects. Whether it's kayaks, small boats, or ROV underwater robots, electric underwater thrusters offer significant advantages such as quiet operation, high efficiency, ease of control, and simple maintenance. I. What is an underwater propulsion device? An underwater propulsion system is an electric propulsion device that generates forward or backward propulsion by pushing against water. A complete underwater propulsion system typically includes: a brushless motora propellera...

In recent years, an increasing number of universities worldwide have invested in the independent research and development of ROVs (Return-on-Vehicles). From engineering and marine colleges to laboratory teams, various universities are establishing ROV projects for marine exploration, scientific research, technical teaching, and competitions. So, why are universities increasingly inclined to build their own ROVs instead of purchasing off-the-shelf equipment? This article breaks down the reasons in detail and includes a recommendation of suitable thruster models for university laboratories at the end. I. Why are universities starting to develop their own ROVs? 1. Lower R&D costs and greater controllability through self-developmentIn...